The AILET 2024 question paper was the first to follow the extended 120-minute format, with 150 questions across three sections. It placed strong emphasis on logical reasoning and reading-based comprehension. Analysing this paper is essential to understand how NLU Delhi transitioned to the new exam duration and difficulty level.
Below, you can access the official AILET 2024 paper along with detailed expert solutions for clear concept understanding.
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
I. In recent years, medical schools and
institutions have increasingly integrated VR
(Virtual Reality) into their curriculum, offering
near real experiences for training future
healthcare professionals. While VR offers
numerous advantages in medical training, it
also presents significant challenges that must
be addressed.
One of the primary benefits of VR in medical
education is its ability to provide realistic and
immersive simulations of medical
procedures. Medical students can use VR
to practice surgeries, diagnose illnesses,
and engage in patient interactions in a
controlled and risk-free environment. These
simulations allow students to gain valuable
hands-on experience before they encounter
real patients, thereby increasing their
confidence and competence.
Furthermore, VR can enhance the
understanding of complex anatomical
structures. By immersing students in 3D
models of the human body, they can explore
organs, tissues, and systems from various
angles, improving their spatial awareness
and comprehension. This interactive learning
experience fosters a deeper understanding
of human anatomy, a crucial foundation for
medical practice.
However, the integration of VR into medical
education is not without its challenges. Firstly,
the cost of implementing VR technology in
medical schools can be substantial. Highquality
VR equipment and software require
a significant financial investment, which may
strain the budgets of educational institutions.
Additionally, ongoing maintenance and
updates are necessary to ensure the
technology remains effective.
Another challenge lies in the development
of accurate and comprehensive VR medical
simulations. Creating realistic virtual patients
and medical scenarios that mimic real-world
complexities demands extensive research
and development efforts. Ensuring the
accuracy of simulations is crucial to the
educational value of VR training.
Moreover, VR raises concerns about
potential over-reliance on technology.
Medical students must strike a balance
between virtual training and hands-on clinical
experience. While VR offers a safe and
controlled environment for learning, it cannot
replace the valuable lessons learned through
direct patient interaction.
To sum up, Virtual Reality has the potential
to transform medical education but it also
presents financial and developmental
challenges, as well as concerns about
balancing virtual and real-world experiences.
Addressing these challenges will be crucial
in harnessing the full potential of VR for
medical education.
Q. 1 This passage most likely appeared as part
of a _________. Complete the sentence with
an appropriate option.
Q. 10 Which of the following, if true, would most
weaken the conclusion that addressing the
challenges is crucial for harnessing the full
potential of VR in medical education?
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
II. The past century has drastically changed the
concept of community, no matter if you live
in a rural area, a suburban neighbourhood,
or an urban metropolis. Families no longer
co-habitat as intergenerationally as they
once did, especially as the appeal of the
nuclear family began to increase. The move
from rural living to urban lifestyles to
suburbia and then back to city-life has meant
that extended families often fracture and live
further and further apart. We are often
caught up in the reality of constant “busyness”
that we don’t take the time to get to
know our neighbours. And social media has
redefined “connection” and “friendship,”
leaving us staring at screens more than
engaging with the people around us.
The impact of this is apparent on parents
and children. The adage “it takes a village
to raise a child” is absolutely still true. But
somewhere along the way, we’ve lost the
“village” we need to raise kids in nurturing,
creative, and safe ways. And as a result,
families are missing out on crucial learning
experiences and much needed support
systems. In the end, many parents feel
isolated and alone in their struggles, and kids
don’t have the opportunity to engage with a
diverse group of people and personalities.
Q. 11 The primary reason for breaking up of the
traditional community set up is
Q. 15 Statement 1: People are available to raise
other people's children. Statement 2: The nature of communities
has undergone tremendous transformation
regardless of their location.
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
III. In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) have
emerged as a catalyst for change, not only
in terms of sustainable transportation but
also in empowering individuals to become
micro-entrepreneurs. Particularly in Tier 2
markets, where access to traditional job
opportunities may be limited, EVs have
opened up new avenues for women to assert
their economic independence and contribute
significantly to household income. According
to our data, an inspiring 25% of women in
these markets have embraced the EV
platform as a means to earn their livelihoods.
Electric vehicles, be it e-rickshaws, e-carts,
or e-bikes, offer an affordable and ecofriendly
mode of transportation that can be
easily adopted by individuals. This has
allowed women to enter various service
sectors like last-mile delivery, transportation,
and local commuting, empowering them to
generate income and uplift their
communities.
Q. 16 The popularity of EVs can be ascribed to it
being
(1) the latest technology.
(2) a sustainable mode of transportation.
(3) a means of empowerment.
(4) easily available.
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
III. In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) have
emerged as a catalyst for change, not only
in terms of sustainable transportation but
also in empowering individuals to become
micro-entrepreneurs. Particularly in Tier 2
markets, where access to traditional job
opportunities may be limited, EVs have
opened up new avenues for women to assert
their economic independence and contribute
significantly to household income. According
to our data, an inspiring 25% of women in
these markets have embraced the EV
platform as a means to earn their livelihoods.
Electric vehicles, be it e-rickshaws, e-carts,
or e-bikes, offer an affordable and ecofriendly
mode of transportation that can be
easily adopted by individuals. This has
allowed women to enter various service
sectors like last-mile delivery, transportation,
and local commuting, empowering them to
generate income and uplift their
communities.
Q. 19 Statement 1: EVs are extremely versatile
and have a wider range to offer. Statement 2: More women than men have
bought EVs.
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
IV. I used to be the person that would strive for
perfection from the beginning of a creative
process. With more time given at the
beginning an obvious decline of quality is
seen and it has become a pattern all
throughout my other works. Here's why I had
to change my system of production.
Being stuck at the beginning of a creative
process (i.e., writing, designing, painting) due
to overthinking will have a ripple effect on
the entire output. In art school, I've had many
classmates taking their time planning on how
to produce a material and half of the time
given for production was wasted.
They then had more pressure to finish their
works just to meet the deadline and sacrifice
the quality of output all together.
Being a working student to help support
myself in school, I never had the luxury of
time that my classmates had when we were
in college; when we were given a project, I
started immediately. I call my process
“Finished, Not Perfect Method” (FNPM).
FNPM allows me to be efficient. I divide the
amount of time I have by the number of parts
my project has - Beginning, Middle, End,
Improvements. Each part is given focus and
time for potential improvements or changes.
A friend or two could tell you what their
opinion is and you may add the necessary
changes based on their input. However, keep
the maximum number of people you consult
for opinion to two. Anything more than that
will create more opinions that will paralyse
you from progressing later on.
When your work can give what's needed and
you've finished your work on time (if not
earlier) then the next step is to stop and find
a way to be happy about it. Contentment is
important in this stage for people always feel
regret for not doing their best in a work
they've laboured so hard for.
Q. 23 Although the writer described herself as
being a perfectionist, the eventual quality of
her work was_________? Choose the most
appropriate answer.
Q. 25 Identify the sequence of events that
ultimately led to art school students
submitting subpar work.
(1) quality of work compromised to meet the
deadline
(2) large amount of time invested on
planning
(3) mounting pressure to complete the task
(4) wasted half of the time in production
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
V. Linguistics, an intricate and ever-evolving
academic discipline, has undergone a
remarkable transformation in recent
decades, transcending its origins as a mere
study of language to become a profound
exploration of the complexities of human
cognition and communication. The
expanding purview of linguistics is a
testament to its growing significance in
understanding our world and enhancing our
technological prowess.
One of the most fundamental paradigm shift
within linguistics has been its transition from
a prescriptive to a descriptive approach.
Early linguistic studies, embodied by the
structuralist principles of Ferdinand de
Saussure, predominantly focused on
normative rules and language structures.
However, the advent of modern linguistics,
spearheaded by Noam Chomsky's
groundbreaking generative grammar theory,
has heralded a new era of linguistic inquiryone
that seeks to understand not how
languages should be used but how they are
used in practice. This transformation has
enabled linguists to uncover the underlying
universals that govern human language,
revealing its intricate tapestry.
The synergy between linguistics and
computer science has been instrumental in
shaping our digital age. The birth of
computational linguistics has given rise to
transformative technologies, such as
machine translation, speech recognition,
and sentiment analysis. These applications,
weaving the intricacies of human language
with cutting-edge technology, have
revolutionised fields as diverse as ecommerce,
healthcare, and social media.
The confluence of linguistics and computer
science continues to chart new frontiers,
shedding light on the symbiotic relationship
between humans and machines.
Moreover, interdisciplinary collaborations
have propelled linguistics into uncharted
territories. Cognitive linguistics marries
linguistic theory with insights from
psychology, neuroscience, and
anthropology, unravelling the profound
interplay between language and human
cognition. Sociolinguistics and
anthropological linguistics delve into the
social and cultural dimensions of language,
elucidating linguistic variations and their
socio-cultural implications. This
interdisciplinary nexus enriches our
understanding of how language permeates
all facets of human life.
Q. 30 What does the term ‘ever-evolving imply in
the first paragraph?
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
VI. Why do we relentlessly pursue these
gleaming awards and coveted certificates?
These tokens of recognition, ranging from
simple course completion certificates to the
grandeur of global trophies, what drives us?
Do we not have an innate sense of our own
value? The human pursuit of accolades and
certificates, an intricate interplay of selfworth,
external validation, and societal
pressures.
At the heart of our chase for these honours
lies an unquenchable thirst for
acknowledgment and validation. No matter
how confident or self-assured one may be,
the allure of external validation is irresistible.
It's not about doubting our capabilities; it's
about the affirmation that our dedication and
hard work have been seen, recognized, and
applauded. In this light, awards and
certificates stand not just as tokens but as
symbols of our relentless pursuit of
excellence.
Our relentless pursuit of accolades is deeply
woven into the fabric of our society. From an
early age, we are indoctrinated to compete,
to shine in academics, sports, or our careers.
Society's measure of success often hinges
on these tangible milestones, which illustrate
our ability not just to meet but to exceed
expectations.
Moreover, these recognitions bestow an
unparalleled sense of accomplishment and
pride. They are emblematic of the tireless
hours, the unwavering dedication, and the
indomitable spirit invested in chasing our
dreams. This recognition is transformative,
elevating an individual’s self-esteem,
inspiring them to reach for the stars, and to
redefine their self-worth. The satisfaction
gleaned from these acknowledgments
extends beyond the realm of external
validation; it is an ode to personal growth.
However, as we embark on this relentless
journey, we must tread with caution. A
relentless pursuit of external validation can
lead to a superficial sense of self-worth. A
person’s true worth cannot be distilled from
the certificates adorning their walls or the
trophies glittering on their shelves. Intrinsic
motivation and personal fulfilment must hold
equal sway.
To conclude, our burning desire for awards
and certificates mirrors our unyielding quest
for recognition, validation and the
unquenchable sense accomplishment they
bring. These accolades undeniably hold
great significance, but we must not forget that
our self-worth should not be tethered solely
to the whims of external validation. Our
achievements are undeniably important, but
they represent just one facet of our intricate,
multi-dimensional identities.
Q. 42 Given the author’s position on the pursuit of
awards and certificates, what stand would the
author probably take on the issue of external
recognition in academia?
Directions I to VII: Each set of questions in this section are based on the passage. The
questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Choose the most appropriate response that accurately and completely answer the question.
VII. It is not surprising that students are
experiencing a wide range of mental health
challenges, such that paralyzing stress,
anxiety and depression. In 2021-22, the
National Health survey found that college
students’ anxiety and depression were at
historic levels, with 37 percent reporting
some anxiety and 44 percent experiencing
some depression in the two weeks prior to
the survey. Moreover, approximately 83
percent reported that emotional or mental
difficulties had impaired their academic
performance at some time during the month
prior to taking the survey. Although some
observers might try to dismiss these statistics
as just a result of the pandemic, national data
suggest that mental health issues were on
the rise before the virus arrived. It is vital
that institutions pay more attention and take
more responsibility for their part in causing
these trends.
Research in this area suggests that
cultivating caring, affirming and connected
communities on college campuses is critical
when it comes to mental health. Networks of
professors, staff and fellow students who
care can become lifelines when college
stressors become all consuming. And if
colleges affirm student cultures, values and
identities, they can boost students’ selfesteem
and sense of empowerment, help
them feel less isolated and promote a greater
sense of belonging. Prioritizing caring,
connected and affirming communities helps
more students thrive. A curriculum that allows
students to simultaneously deepen their
connections to their community's cultural
values and their learning environment can
help them feel like they belong to both.
Research also shows that culturally relevant
learning experiences improve academic
success. Campuses therefore should
provide mental health services that are
culturally responsive, via professionals who
understand diverse student backgrounds
and experiences. Offering counselling
services, support groups and outreach
programs designed for diverse communities
can help students feel understood and
supported.
Q. 46 Based on the data from the National Health
Survey, what could be a potential
consequence for educational institutions if
they don’t address the mental health
challenges of their students?
Q. 50 What is the significance of a curriculum that
allows students to deepen their connections
to both their community’s cultural values and
their learning environment?
Q. 52 Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, known as the Missile
Man of India, was instrumental in the creation
of which of these offices? He was also the
first person to hold this office.
Q. 53 Which of the following countries have neither
signed nor ratified the Rome Statute?
I. India
II. United States of America
III. Russian Federation
IV. Azerbaijan
Q. 54 Omar al-Bashir was the first Head of State to
be indicted by the International Criminal
Court. He was indicted by the Court in relation
to which of the following incidents?
Q. 55 A big roadblock towards concluding Brexit
was the failure of the UK and the EU to agree
on transport of goods to Ireland (a member
of the EU) through Northern Ireland (one of
the constituent countries of the UK). This
problem was resolved with the conclusion of
the Windsor framework, effectively the final
step in the Brexit process. Which of the
following statements about the Windsor
Framework are accurate?
I. It is a tripartite agreement between
England, Northern Ireland, and the United
Kingdom.
II. The agreement proposes to establish red
and green lanes for goods moving into
Northern Ireland to reduce checks and
paperwork related hurdles on such
goods.
III. The agreement does not provide for
separation of goods entering Northern
Ireland from those entering Ireland.
IV. The agreement is concluded between the
United Kingdom and the European Union.
Choose the most appropriate answer.
Q. 56 The Indian Premier League is a professional
T20 cricket league. It was established in
2008, and has since become one of the most
popular cricketing leagues in the world.
Which of the following player has played for
the same team (franchise) since the inaugural
edition?
Q. 57 The NASA OSIRIS-REx mission (Origins,
Spectral Interpretation, Resource
Identification and Security – Regolith
Explorer) recently brought back a capsule
of rocks and dust collected from:
Q. 62 A key thrust area for the Supreme Court of
India has been towards securing diversity
and inclusion in its ranks. Who was the first
woman judge of the Supreme Court of India?
Q. 64 The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
were adopted by the United Nations in 2015
as a universal call for peace and prosperity.
Which of the following statements about
SDGs is NOT true?
Q. 65 In 1960 a Standford Professor, Walter
Mischel, conducted an interesting experiment
called the ‘Marshmallow Experiment’ to test
the connection between delayed gratification
and better success later in various facets of
life. The outcome of the experiment can also
be referred to as:
Q. 66 Which of the following statements about
BRICS is NOT incorrect?
I. South Africa is not an original member of
the BRICS coalition.
II. The bloc was started as an attempt to
strategically assist the United States of
America as allies.
III. The BRICS member countries represent
at least 40% of the world’s population.
IV. The acronym for the bloc was coined in
2001 by then Goldman Sachs chief
economist Jim O’Neill in a research paper
that underlined the growth potential of
Brazil, Russia, India and China.
Q. 67 India recently hosted the G20 Conference
in New Delhi as it served as the President
for the coalition. Which of the following is the
only country to have permanent guest invitee
status at the G20?
Q. 68 A change in exchange rate leads to a change
in supply and demand of foreign goods in
the domestic market and domestic goods in
the foreign market. This also leads to an
imbalance in the balance of payments. What
is Balance of Payments?
Q. 70 ISRO’s PSLV has been the workhorse for
Indian space programme, launching many
critical payloads including the recent
Chandrayaan mission. What does PSLV
stand for?
Q. 79 The ‘Five Eyes Alliance’ is a global
intelligence network, pooling resources and
sharing sensitive information to collectively
secure peace and combat global threat. The
following countries make up the alliance:
Q. 80 The G20 Summit in India brought together
leaders from the World's major economies
to address pressing global issues. India used
this platform to underscore its commitment
to fostering global growth and stability. Which
of the following areas was NOT a focus of
the summit ?
Q. 81 ‘Frankly, technology is often baffling to me,
too. Luckily, I have kids who delight in
parenting me – advising, explaining and
guiding me, on all things digital. But studies
suggest that this helpfulness might not be
as beneficial as we think. Grappling with new
and baffling things forces the ageing brain
to work in novel ways. A recent study from
the University of Texas involving more than
200 elderly adults found that those who
engaged with technology had better
cognition and memory than their nonengaging
peers.’
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 82 Depression among the elderly is on the rise
and often goes unnoticed. Most
Gerontologists now believe that it is an
extremely common psychiatric disorders
among the elderly – with half of all cases
going undiagnosed. When elderly parents
become depressed (many of them come
from a generation not accustomed to talking
about their mental health), it can be difficult
to know how to respond.
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 83 Players have long been able to buy virtual
items with real money in video games, such
as special weapons and features. But
Nintendo raised the ire of parent’s and
Regulators in 2018 when it added so-called
loot boxes-a virtual lottery for in-game itemsto
its kid-friendly game ‘Animal Crossing:
Pocket Camp.’ That same year, the US
Federal Trade Commission said it would
investigate loot boxes, which critics liken to
a slot machine or a scratch ticket that’s more
accessible to children. The video game
industry pushed back hard, arguing that loot
boxes are an integral part of the strategy and
skills players use to compete.
Q. 84 Any attempt at fighting the camp’s
psychopathological influence on the prisoner
by psychotherapeutic or psychogenic
methods has to aim at giving inner strength
by pointing out to him a future goal to which
he could look forward. Instinctively some of
the prisoners attempted to find one on their
own. It is a peculiarity of man that he can
only live by looking to the future. And this is
his salvation in the most difficult moments of
his existence, although he sometimes has
to force his mind to the task.
Which one of the following conclusions can
be properly inferred from the passage?
I. Each individual has the ability to preserve
their sanity by remaining focussed on the
future
II. Looking to the future is difficult for many,
as they get caught up in the present
III. Those going through a tough time must
rely on their past experiences for inner
strength
Q. 85 The problem with eugenics and genetic
engineering is that they represent the onesided
triumph of wilfulness over giftedness,
of dominance over reverence, of moulding
over beholding. But why, we may wonder,
should we worry about this triumph? Why not
shake off our unease with enhancement as
so much superstition? What would be lost if
biotechnology dissolved our sense of
giftedness?
Which of the following conclusions can be
properly inferred from the passage?
I. Genetically engineered kids would be
ungifted.
II. Genetic engineering might make people
more focussed on controlling things and
less respectful of natural abilities.
III. Controlling and dominating abilities
through genetic engineering should be
seen as natural part of human progress.
Direction for quetions 86 to 89: Consider the
following scenario and respond to the quetions.
Imagine that society can be divided into Xs and
Ys, and X and Y refer to people with different
physical characteristics or other characteristics
that can easily be observed or discovered, such
as race, ethnicity, immigrant status, or religious
practices. Within each group, there are good and
bad types. Assume that the Xs are wealthier and
more politically powerful than the Ys perhaps
because they are more numerous, or because
they are descended from a politically powerful
group. Under such conditions, it is possible that
members of X will signal their cooperative
propensity by discriminating against the Ys.
Discrimination functions as a signal because it
is costly (one gives up the opportunity to do
business or socialize with Ys who are good
types), and because conspiracy theories based
on traditional fears of people with physical or
cultural differences, or people who are recent
arrivals, provide a focal point: given these beliefs,
those who discriminate against outsiders will
appear to be loyal to the insiders. In equilibrium
all or most Xs will avoid Ys (and those who do
not will be ostracized by the Xs and may seek
refuge with the Ys), and almost all Y’s will avoid
the Xs, falling back on each other when it is
desirable to enter cooperative ventures. Finally,
we assume that because of their political and
economic dominance, members of X control the
government, including the criminal justice system.
Q. 86 Which of the following observation is
incorrect?
Q. 90 Excessive use of mobile phones has been
associated with a range of health issues.
Prolonged screen time and constant
connectivity can lead to physical problems
like eye strain, neck and back pain, and
disrupted sleep patterns. Additionally,
excessive use of mobile phones raises
concerns about the potential long-term health
effects of exposure to electromagnetic
radiation. Therefore, one should not use
mobile phones.
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 91 Dark comedy should be banned. Dark
comedy often relies on humour that is edgy
and insensitive, making light of serious or
sensitive topics such as death, mental illness,
or tragedy. It can normalize insensitivity and
desensitize people to the gravity of these
issues. Over time, individuals may become
less empathetic or more willing to dismiss the
real-life pain and suffering of others as mere
punchlines.
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 92 An environmental organization claims that
replacing traditional light bulbs with LED
bulbs in households will significantly reduce
electricity consumption.
Which of the following, if true, would most
support this claim?
Q. 93 A research study concluded that regular
exercise leads to better mental health. The
study found that individuals who exercised
on an average for 30 minutes every day
reported lower levels of stress and anxiety.
Which of the following, if true, would
undermine the study's conclusion?
Q. 94 Gun violence in schools is a significant and
concerning issue, and discussing ways to
prevent it and ensure the safety of students
and faculty is crucial. An important way of
limiting it is by implementing background
checks and waiting periods for gun
purchases. This can prevent individuals with
mental health issues from obtaining firearms.
Which of the following is the most appropriate
assumption required by the above passage?
Q. 100 Consider the following principle.
In a dispute between Anil and Sunil, Sunil
can sue Anil in:
l. the city where the dispute arose, OR
II. in the city of Anil's place of business
Facts: Anil and Sunil enter into a contract
for delivery of specialised machinery. Anil was
to deliver the machinery to Sunil’s
warehouse within a stipulated period of time.
Anil's residence is in Delhi, but his place of
business is Bengaluru, whereas Sunil is a
resident of Mumbai. Anil fails to deliver the
machinery during the agreed time.
Q. 104 “All paintings jump. Some paintings are
plants. All basketballs are plants.” Aloe Vera
is a basketball and a painting. Which of the
following is true?
Q. 105 Principle: Any person who knowingly
disseminates false information with the intent
to defraud shall be guilty of an offence.
Facts: Dravid shares a news article
containing false information about a popular
cryptocurrency investment scheme. He
claims it's a groundbreaking opportunity.
Many people invest and later lose money.
Q. 106 Principle: Any individual who recklessly
operates a motor vehicle, causing injury to
another person, shall be guilty of an offense.
Facts: Salman, while driving, becomes
momentarily distracted and accidentally hits
a pedestrian, causing minor injuries. Salman
argues that it was a genuine accident and
not reckless behaviour.
Q. 107 In English tort law, the principle of ‘strict
liability’ is applied to hold a person legally
responsible for the consequences flowing
from an activity, even in the absence of fault
or criminal intent on the person's part. In
1987, the Supreme Court of India introduced
a new principle – ‘absolute liability’, a far more
stringent rule of liability without any exceptions,
particularly to deal with industrial accidents.
This principle imposed a liability on individuals
who engaged in an inherently dangerous or
hazardous activity for any harm done to any
person while carrying out the activity.
Which one of the following assumptions is
necessary to ensure the above argument
logically follows?
Q. 108 A study conducted on a group of students
found a strong correlation between the
number of hours spent studying and their
exam scores. However, one student who
studied significantly less than the others
achieved a top score. Which of the following,
if true, would weaken the general applicability
of the study’s findings?
Q. 109 Company A announced record-breaking
profits this year, attributing its success to a
new marketing strategy. However, Company
B, a competitor in the same market segment,
also reported significant profits without changing
its marketing approach. What conclusion can
most likely be drawn about the effectiveness
of respective marketing strategies?
Q. 112 Some Rivers are Ponds. All Ponds are
Ocean. No Ocean is Sea.
Examine the conclusions:
I) Some Ponds are Sea
II) All Rivers are Ocean
III) Some Sea may be a River
Which of the conclusions necessarily
follows? Choose the most appropriate
answer:
Q. 113 Some Ships are Boats. All Boats are
Submarines. Some Submarines are Yachts.
Examine the following statements:
I) Some Yachts are Boats
II) Some Submarines are Ships
III) Some Yachts are Ships
Q. 114 All States are Countries. Only some
Countries are States. Some States are
democratic. Given that X is democratic,
examine the following conclusions:
I. X is a State
II. X is a country
III. X is not a State
IV. X is not a country
Q. 115 Statement I: All books are valuables. Statement II: Some souvenirs are books. Statement III: Some books are souvenirs. Statement IV: No valuables are souvenirs.
Q. 117 Darshan is attempting to build a 5-day mealplan
from 6 dishes – U, V, W, X, Y, and Z – in
accordance with the following conditions.
I. No dish may be repeated unless two
other dishes are cooked before the
repetition.
II. W and V must not be made on
consecutive days.
III. U and Z must not be made on alternate
days.
IV. Y must always be followed by X.
Which of the following is a valid meal-plan if
V must be included?
Q. 118 Joseph must decide which songs – A, B, C,
D, and E – to sing in a 5-day performance
schedule, with each song being performed
only on one day, in accordance with the
following conditions:
I. C and D must not be scheduled on
adjacent days.
II. B may immediately follow E, but not viceversa.
III. The first day must either be A or C.
IV. The last day cannot be D.
If B is the mid-point of the performance
schedule, which of the following is a valid 5-
day schedule?
Q. 119 Anisha must decide how to seat her friends
– V, W, X, Y, Z – at a circular wedding table in
accordance with the following conditions:
I. Z and W must sit next to each other.
II. Y may only sit with V if Y is also sitting
with Z.
III. X is happy to sit with anyone.
If Y and X arrive early and take seats 1 and
3, which of the following is a valid
arrangement?
Q. 120 Arjun is prioritizing his set of tasks for the
day – V, W, X, Y, and Z – in accordance with
the following conditions:
I. X must not be the last task.
II. If Z is the first task, then it must be
followed by either V or Y.
III. X and W cannot be prioritized
sequentially.
IV. V must be followed by either W or Y.
If Arjun assigns Y to position 3, which of these
is a possible ordering for the tasks?
Q. 121 Principle 1. Whoever enters into another
person’s property with intent to intimidate,
insult or annoy that person, commits “criminal
trespass”. Principle 2: An act which causes harm which
is so slight that no person of ordinary sense
and temper would complain of such harm, is
deemed not to amount to intimidation, insult
or annoyance. Facts: X enters into Y’s property at midnight,
uninvited, and points a gun at Y. A few
minutes later, he reveals that the gun is a
toy gun.
Q. 122 Not wearing a seatbelt in a moving vehicle is
illegal and punishable. However, X argues
that since not wearing a seatbelt can at most
only harm the person who has chosen not
to wear a seatbelt, and does not harm any
other person, it should not be illegal or
punishable.
Which of the following facts, if true, would
weaken X’s argument?
Q. 123 Certain tennis tournaments have started a
policy for equal pay for men and women
players. Supporters of the policy argue that
lack of equal pay would violate the principle
of equal pay for equal work. Which of the
following arguments most weakens the
supporters’ argument?
Q. 124 Certain tennis tournaments have started a
policy for equal pay for men and women
players. Critics of the policy argue that
because men’s matches generate more
revenue than women’s matches, this policy
is ill-conceived. Which of the following most
weakens the critics argument?
Q. 125 Statement: “Nudge theory” is the theory that
by shaping the environment, also known as
the choice architecture, one can influence
the likelihood that one option is chosen over
another by individuals, without adding any
significant incentives or disincentives for any
option. For example, a retail store may place
its more expensive items at eye-level, and
cheaper items at a lower shelf. Perhaps the
most frequently mentioned example of nudge
theory is the setting of defaults, which are
pre-set courses of action that take effect if
nothing is specified by the decision-maker.
Which of the following facts, if true, best
supports the above statements?
l) If a default option is provided, decisionmakers
are likely to choose that option.
II) Consumers in a retail store are likely to
choose items that are placed at eye level
rather than items which are placed on a
lower shelf.
Q. 126 Some children’s books which were published
in the 1950s contain racist and sexist
language that would be unacceptable today.
These books should be re-published with the
racist and sexist language omitted.
Which of the following most strengthens the
above argument?
Q. 127 All Supreme Court judgements are binding
on all High Courts. All High Court judgements
have persuasive value in other High Courts.
Some High Court judgements also have
persuasive value in the Supreme Court.
Examine the following statements:
I. Some High Court judgments are binding
on the Supreme Court.
II. Some judgements with persuasive value
are binding on High Courts.
III. Some High Court judgements are
persuasive in both the Supreme Court
and the High Courts.
Q. 128 All ducks are birds. Some birds fly, and no
reptiles are birds. A snake is a reptile. If the
above are true, which of the following would
also be true?
Q. 129 All Cats are singers. All birds dance. Some
Cats are birds. Albert Einstein is a Singer.
Examine the following statements:
I. Albert Einstein does not dance
II. Albert Einstein dances
III. Albert Einstein is a bird
IV. Albert Einstein is not a bird
V. Albert Einstein is not a cat
VI. Albert Einstein is a cat
Which of the following conclusion(s) is
necessarily correct? Choose the most
appropriate answer.
Q. 130 All Watches are Chronographs. Some
Chronographs are antiques. All Antiques are
expensive. D is a Chronograph. Which of the
statement necessarily follows ?
Q. 131 All Philosophers are logicians. Some
logicians are critical thinkers. All Critical
thinkers are rationalist. Z is a rationalist.
Examine the following statements:
I. Z is a logician
II. Z may be a logician
III. Z is a Philosopher
IV. Z is a critical thinker
Direction for quetions 132 to 135: Consider
the following principles and respond to the question.
I. Principle 1: Vicarious liability is a doctrine
holding one person strictly liable for the
wrong of another, without regard to fault. II. Principle 2: An employer may be vicariously
liable for the employee's action if the
employee's act was an outgrowth of his
employment, inherent in the working
environment, typical of or broadly incidental
to the employer's business, or, in a general
way, foreseeable from his duties. III. Principle 3: No vicarious liability on
employers for the intentional wrongs by
employees unless the employee's actions
were done, at least in part, to serve the
interest of the employer.
Q. 132 Which of the following will NOT result in
vicarious liability?
Q. 134 An unknown person knocks down a few
hundred jars of baby food in the
supermarket. Many of the jars shattered,
making a big, slippery mess on the floor.
Laila, the supermarket manager, closes down
the aisle with bright orange cones and orders
all available stock personnel to clean the
mess. Arun, who is not paying attention while
shopping in the supermarket, wanders past
the orange cones, slips, and breaks his arm.
Is the supermarket vicariously liable?
Q. 135 Phogat works as a bouncer at the Hot Spot,
a local nightclub. One night Dash arrives
outside the Hot Spot with a group of his
friends. Dash is intoxicated and acting
obnoxiously, hooting at the women going in
and out of the club. Dash's behaviour
annoys Phogat, who asked Dash twice to stop
acting in this way, but Dash ignored him on
both occasions. Phogat then punches Dash
in the face, breaking his nose. Dash sues
the Hot Spot and Phogat, claiming that the
Hot Spot is vicariously liable. Is the Hot Spot
vicariously liable for the actions of Phogat?
Q. 136 The question of whether colonialism was
‘good’ is a complex and debated topic. Some
argue that colonialism led to advancements
in technology, infrastructure, and education
in some regions. However, it also brought
about immense suffering, exploitation, and
the loss of sovereignty for many indigenous
populations. The negative consequences,
including cultural erosion, displacement, and
violence, often outweigh any potential
benefits. In contemporary discourse, it is
generally recognized that the harms of
colonialism far outweigh any perceived ‘good’
and its legacy continues to shape global
inequalities and injustices.
Which of the following is/are most
appropriate conclusion(s) of the above
passage?
I. It is important to see both the ‘good’ and
'bad' of colonialism to understand its true
impact.
II. Irrespective of the ‘good’ that colonialism
brought, it can never justify the ‘bad’ it
perpetrated.
III. It was necessary to do ‘bad’ to attain the
good in colonialism.
IV. Discussions on effects of colonialism
must end with attainment of
independence, otherwise it tends to
become a continuing excuse.
Q. 137 The Examination Department at prominent
National Law School is considering setting
its class schedules for the incoming batch.
The subjects are Sociology, Contracts,
Political Science, Constitutional Law and
Administrative Law. The following
considerations are kept in mind:
I. All classes must be held every day
II. Political Science must immediately follow
Contracts on any day
III. Sociology cannot be the first or the last
subject on any day
IV. Constitutional Law and Administrative law
cannot immediately precede or follow
each other
If Administrative Law is the third class of the
day, what does the class schedule for that
day looks like
Q. 138 Before announcing its policy of Non-
Performing Assets (NPA), the Finance
Ministry has decided to consult heads of six
of the largest banks in the country
(A,B,C,D,E,F). It is a well-known fact that not
all heads get along very well with each other
and prefer not to sit next to each other in
any meeting. During the meeting they all will
sit in a line facing the finance minister. You
have been tasked to devise a seating plan
keeping in mind the following conditions.
I. A cannot be on the immediate left or right
of B
II. D cannot be at either end
III. E and F would ideally like to sit next to
each other
IV. C would prefer to sit one seat removed
from E
Which of the following is a possible seating
arrangement?
Q. 139 Cities are the engines of a nation’s progress.
However, many cities are poorly managed
and struggle to provide a basic standard of
living to many residents. At the core of the
problem is the question of autonomy of cities
that are almost always dependent on central
or state governments for even basic needs.
A new report suggests that this can be
remedied through constitutional
amendments to provide more autonomy,
means of revenue-generation and discretion
in spending to cities.
Which of the below facts, if true, most
weakens the above argument?
Q. 140 A town was faced with the problem of an
excessive number of rats. To solve this, the
town started offering a financial reward for
every rat killed, which was to be proved by
showing the severed tail of the rat.
Which of the following facts, if true, would be
an argument in favour of the town’s policy?
Q. 141 “It is well known that the world isn’t the same
anymore – politically economically or, for that
matter, financially. Macroeconomic settings
have turned adverse – from ultra-low to
higher-for-longer interest rates – and raised
the levels of debt, especially public debt,
uncertainties, and volatility. It follows that
these conditions will bear upon future growth.
The breaking up of trade supply chains and
their reshaping, for example, will be costly
for the world in general, according to
calculations, and costlier for the emerging
and the developing countries.”
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 142 “Travelling in a bus can be an enjoyable
experience if you have your own seat, the
vehicle is not crowded, and there is a nice
breeze. But if the bus is packed with people,
you can get irritable. Something similar
happens to atoms: if they are contained in a
vessel at a low density, they behave in a
certain way, but if they are packed densely
together, with little moving space, something
new happens."
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 143 “The issue of “tamperability” of EVMs has
been doing the rounds ever since they were
first introduced. Every time a political party
loses an election, it blames the machine.
However, none of them has been able to
prove their allegations against the credibility
of EVMs, and neither do they apologise when
they win the elections where the same EVMs
have been used. All that this manages to do,
however, is shake the trust of people in the
system. Many critics, giving the example of
Germany, say that EVMs have been
declared illegal by the German Supreme
Court.”
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 144 “The art of war is of vital importance to the
State. It is a matter of life and death, a road
either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject
of inquiry which can on no account be
neglected.”
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 145 In a survey of IT professionals in Bangalore,
those who regularly practiced yoga reported
fewer instances of work-related stress than
those who did not. Priyanka, an IT
professional from Bangalore, rarely feels
work-related stress. Which of the following
can be inferred?
Q. 146 Statements: Young adults spend most of
their time on social media. Young adults
should spend more time making connections
in the real world.
Conclusions
I. Young Adults should avoid social media.
II. Young adults cannot make real life
connections because they spend most of
their time on social media.
Which of the following conclusions can be
properly inferred? Choose the most
appropriate answer.
Q. 147 While television and print media are still
bound by regulations that require a modicum
of truthful content, social media is a
battleground of facts, lies, and deception,
where governments, journalists, law
enforcement, and activists are on an uneven
playing field. Lack of stringent regulation or
periodic verification, enable unbridled access
to social media, resulting in unchecked
dissemination of information with elusive
credibility.
Which of the following conclusions can be
properly inferred from the passage?
I. Anyone can post anything on the social
media.
II. It is generally difficult to ascertain the
accuracy of content posted on social media.
III. People are easily influenced by what they
read on social media.
Q. 148 Fitness tracking devices often recommend
we take 10,000 steps a day But the goal of
taking 10,000 steps, which many of us
believe is rooted in science, in fact rests on
coincidence and sticky history rather than
research Research suggests use of time, not
steps, and suggest we exercise for at least
150 minutes a week, or half an hour most
days, in addition to any moving around we
do as part of our normal daily lives.
Which of the following conclusions can be
properly inferred from the passage?
Q. 149 Human beings are entitled to dignity and
rights while non-human animals are not,
because human beings are autonomous
while animals are heteronomous. In other
words, animals are not in control of their
actions and are guided entirely by pleasure
and pain, while human beings are capable
of acting, for moral reasons, even contrary
to pleasure and consonant with pain.
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
Q. 150 The negative psychological effects of
pornography, including addiction and
emotional distress, are well-documented. We
have a moral obligation to protect our society
from these potential harms. Banning
pornography is a responsible step to
safeguard the mental well-being of
individuals, especially our youth.
Which of the following assumption is made
in the above passage?
